centos 7.9 rpm安装mysql 8.0.33（centos安装教程） - 技术文章

1、最小化安装系统

2、配置yum仓库

使用阿里云yum仓库

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo 
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

安装基本常见工具命令：

yum -y install epel-release wget rsync lsof zip unzip lrzsz

3、安装mysql

3.1 下载mysql rpm包

mysql-community-common-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3.2 安装

yum -y install mysql-community-common-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-8.0.33-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3.3 配置/etc/my.cnf

# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove the leading "# " to disable binary logging
# Binary logging captures changes between backups and is enabled by
# default. It's default setting is log_bin=binlog
# disable_log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
#
# Remove leading # to revert to previous value for default_authentication_plugin,
# this will increase compatibility with older clients. For background, see:
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_default_authentication_plugin
# default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

3.4 数据库初始化

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/www/mysql

tail -30f /var/log/mysqld.log 通过日志文件查看是否初始化成功。临时密码会保存在这个文件里面。

3.5 编辑配置文件
/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service，修改参数

LimitNOFILE = 65535

3.6 启动：

systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld          //开机启动

3.7 使用，首次登录要修改密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysqlKB@6fs3';

CREATE DATABASE dbname;
CREATE USER 'user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passwd';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON dbname.* TO 'user'@'%';